In this video clip, we hear BBC's correspondent Mark Easton, at about 00:12, pronounce
the phrase the Primate of all England,
meaning 'the Archbishop of Canterbury', as
ðə ˈpraɪmeɪt əv ˈɔːl ˈɪŋɡlənd.
When I heard the word Primate
pronounced ˈpraɪmeɪt the other day,
my reaction was that I don't say it like that. I say ˈpraɪmət, though I'm perfectly aware that there are native speakers
like Mark Easton who use a strong-vowelled second syllable.
As you
certainly know, the term primate can
have two different meanings in English: 1) it can be used to indicate any
animal that belongs to the group of mammals that includes humans, apes and
monkeys; and 2) it is a synonym for archbishop.
With meaning 1), the word is practically always pronounced as ˈpraɪmeɪt, though ODP also gives ˈpraɪmᵻt (=ˈpraɪmɪt, -ət) for American English. With meaning 2), I get the
impression that most people use ˈpraɪmət
(or -ɪt) and that only a small
minority say ˈpraɪmeɪt. CEPD doesn't
agree with me, as it prioritises ˈpraɪmeɪt
for the latter meaning. LPD, on the other hand, has "ˈpraɪm ət -ɪt, -eɪt".
I was
slightly shocked when I noticed that my Garzanti Dictionary of English (2010) only acknowledges ˈpraɪmət (p.965) for both meanings 1) and 2). I think the authors should
correct this transcription and prioritise ˈpraɪmeɪt
for the 'higher mammal' meaning. The Oxford BBC Guide to Pronunciation, too, provides the same advice
(p.311):
"primate chief bishop pry-muht /ˈprʌɪmət/ [(=ˈpraɪmət)] Sometimes also pry-mayt [(=ˈpraɪmeɪt)]. primate mammal pry-mayt /ˈprʌɪmeɪt/ [(=ˈpraɪmeɪt)]".
Primate
Come
saprete, Justin Welby diventerà il nuovo Arcivescovo di Canterbury nel marzo
del 2013. Ha 56 anni ed è vescovo da solo un anno.
In
questa clip, al secondo 00:12, sentiamo il corrispondente della BBC Mark Easton
pronunciare l'espressione the Primate of
all England, cioè 'l'Arcivescovo di Canterbury', ðə ˈpraɪmeɪt əv ˈɔːl ˈɪŋɡlənd. Quando vidi questo video un paio di
settimane fa in TV rimasi un po' colpito dalla pronuncia del termine Primate: io dico normalmente ˈpraɪmət, sebbene sia perfettamente
consapevole del fatto che ci sono alcuni nativi che pronunciano la seconda
sillaba col dittongo eɪ piuttosto che
con lo schwa.
In
inglese, la parola primate può avere
due significati diversi: 1) primate,
cioè 'animale appartenente all'Ordine di Mammiferi Euteri'; e 2) Primate, ovvero 'arcivescovo'. Col
significato 1), la pronuncia è praticamente sempre ˈpraɪmeɪt, malgrado l'ODP (= Oxford
Dictionary of Pronunciation) fornisca ˈpraɪmᵻt (=ˈpraɪmɪt, -ət) per l'americano. Col significato 2), invece, ritengo
che la maggior parte dei nativi dica ˈpraɪmət
(o -ɪt) e che solo una piccola
minoranza utilizzi ˈpraɪmeɪt. Il
CEPD (= Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary)
non è d'accordo con me poiché dà priorità alla pronuncia ˈpraɪmeɪt per quanto concerne il
significato 2). L'LPD (= Longman
Pronunciation Dictionary), di contro, sempre per lo stesso significato, dà "ˈpraɪm ət -ɪt, -eɪt".
Sono
rimasto un po' scioccato nel vedere che il mio dizionario d'inglese Hazon Garzanti (2010) dia solo ed
esclusivamente ˈpraɪmət (p.965) per
i significati 1) e 2). Gli autori dovrebbero correggere la trascrizione fornita
e dare priorità a ˈpraɪmeɪt per
quanto concerne il significato 1). Anche l'Oxford
BBC Guide to Pronunciation è dello stesso mio parere (p.311):
"primate chief bishop pry-muht /ˈprʌɪmət/ [(=ˈpraɪmət)] Sometimes also pry-mayt [(=ˈpraɪmeɪt)]. primate mammal pry-mayt /ˈprʌɪmeɪt/ [(=ˈpraɪmeɪt)]".
The bbc correspondent Mark Easton did indeed mispronounce the word 'primate' when meaning 'bishop'. English is often an unreliable guide to pronunciation, as in ‘treat great threat’ (see www.englishspellingproblems.co.uk/html/sight_words for all common words with decoding problems).
ReplyDeleteThe habit of generally decorating the final of longer words with an <-e> irrespective of pronunciation (delicate debate) is clearly unhelpful to learners. Particularly when different pronunciation have the same spelling, such as ‘primate, delegate’ or ‘animate’.
In the 16th century thousands of words had redundant <-e> endings (olde, worlde, worde), often accompanied by surplus doubled consonants as well (inne, shoppe, hadde). The pamphleteers of the English Civil War (1642-9) dropped most of them - http://englishspellingproblems.blogspot.com/2010/04/how-english-spelling-became-so.html, because they wanted to squeeze the maximum of propaganda onto a page.
Sadly, the ones which escaped their cull continue to survive (are, gone, have, give, more, promise...). I had hoped that texting might help to get rid of them, but it’s not happening yet.
Masha Bell opines that the BBC correspondent “mispronounce[d] the word 'primate' when meaning 'bishop'. This is not quite correct as a look into the various dictionaries shows:
DeleteOED
The OED offers for GB (aka RP) (in the sense of ‘archbishop’)/ˈprʌɪmət/, /ˈprʌɪmeɪt/, and for GA /ˈpraɪmᵻt/, /ˈpraɪˌmeɪt/ (in the sense of ‘higher mammal’) GB /ˈprʌɪmeɪt/, GA /ˈpraɪˌmeɪt/, /ˈpraɪmᵻt/ [OED symbols used]
Merriam-Webster online
Two prons are entered: /ˈpraɪˌmeɪt/ or especially for 1 /-mət/ [transcription adapted to IPA conventions]. “[E]specially for 1” points to this gloss: “a bishop who has precedence in a province, a group of provinces, or a nation”
EPD18
higher mammal: ˈpraɪ.meɪt archbishop: ˈpraɪ.meɪt, -mɪt, -mət, US -mɪt [EPD symbols used]
Concise Pronouncing Dictionary
primate ˋprɑɪmeɪt ˋ prɑɪmɪt [original transcription]